CIT597 Quiz 1
Fall, 2002		 Name_________________________________________

Please keep all answers short and to the point. Read each question and answer it; don't add information that wasn't asked for.

  1. If x is a double variable, write a simple assertion that x is greater than zero and less than y.
    assert x > 0 && x < y; // A single & would also work

  2. Write the same assertion as in the previous question, but this time include the values of x and y in the detail message of the AssertionError that may be thrown.
    assert x > 0 && x < y: "x = " + x + " y = " + y; // But not x + y

  3. Write the Java statement that creates a Pattern from the String "a(.*)b(.*)c(.*)d" .
    Pattern p = Pattern.compile("a(.*)b(.*)c(.*)d");
    // OK to just start with p =
  4. Write the Java statement that creates a Matcher for the String "abracadabra" using the Pattern defined in the previous question.
    Matcher m = p.matcher(p);
    // OK to just start with m =
  5. Using the above Matcher, does find() succeed? If so, what is returned by each group(N) for each legal value of N ?
    Yes.
    group(0) = "abracad"     group(1) = ""
    group(2) = "ra"          group(3) = "a"

  6. Write a regular expression that will succeed (using find()) on the string "abracadabra" and will return everything between the two r's in group(1).
    r(.*)r

  7. Name two elements that you should always find within an HTML <table> element.
    tr, td (or <tr>, <td>)

  8. What HTML would you write to draw a horizontal line across the page?
    <hr> (or <hr width="100%">)
  9. What HTML would you write to make the entire background of your document a bright red?
    <body bgcolor="red"> or <body bgcolor="#FF0000">
    // quotes not important in HTML
  10. Name two HTML tags that are not containers.

    <hr>, <img>, possibly others--but not <a>

  11. What attribute is required in an <img ...> tag?
    src // This is the only required tag

  12. List two (and only two) of the ways in which XHTML is stricter than HTML.
    1. Two of: tag names must be lowercase, attributes must be lowercase,
      attributes must be quoted, everything is properly nested, all attributes must have values
    2. id replaces name // incorrect but I'll accept it
  13. There are three versions of XHTML. Name two (and only two) of them.
    Two of: strict, transitional, frameset

  14. HTML and XML are designed for different purposes. Briefly, what is the purpose of each?
    1. HTML: Designed to display information to humans

    2. XML: Designed to provide data to computers

  15. What organization defines the standards for HTML, XHTML, and XML?
    World Wide Web Consortium // W3C is enough

  16. What does it mean to say that an XML document is valid?
    It conforms to a DTD // or some other kind of schema
  17. Briefly tell what each of the following symbols means in a DTD:
    1. + (plus sign) One or more

    2. * (asterisk) Zero or more

    3. ? (question mark) Optional (zero or one)

    4. | (vertical bar) Alternatives (choose one)

    5. , (comma) Things must be in the order specified

  18. Suppose an XML document consists of just a list of cartoon characters. Each character has a name and a species, for instance, Sylvester is a cat; Tweety is a bird.
    1. Write a short but complete XML document that lists these two cartoon characters. Don't forget the XML header.
      <?xml version="1.0"?>
      <characters>
        <character>
          <name>Sylvester</name>
          <species>cat</species>
        </character>
        <character>
          <name>Tweety</name>
          <species>bird</species>
        </character>
      </characters>
    2. Write a DTD that describes this document. Make it general enough that we can add other cartoon characters (of other species) later. // OK to use attributes
      <!ELEMENT characters (character+)>
      <!ELEMENT character (name, species)>
      <!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
      <!ELEMENT species (#PCDATA)>