Assignment 7: Esperanto verbs

It's now time to add Esperanto verbs to your grammar. As usual, the facts have been limited for this exercise. Your root lexicon should look something like

! Esperanto lexicon Multichar_Symbols +Acc ! accusative +Adj ! adjective +ASuff ! adjective suffix +Aug ! augmentative +Cond ! conditional +Cont ! continuous +Dim ! diminutive +Fem ! feminine +Fut ! future +Inf ! infinitive MF+ ! male-female Op+ ! opposite +Neg ! negative +Noun ! noun +NSuff ! noun suffix +Past ! past +Pl ! plural +Pres ! present +Sg ! singular +Subj ! subjunctive +Verb ! verb

LEXICON Root     Adjectives ;     Nouns ;     Verbs ;

The Facts

• Esperanto verbs can start with a verb root or with one of the following prefixes.

  mal	(opposite)
  ne	(negation)

• Every verb requires a verb root, but the roots are not valid words by themselves.

  don	("give")
  est	("be")
  pens	("think")
  dir	("say")
  fal	("fall")

• Directly after the verb root, there is an optional aspect marker ad that denotes continuous or repeated action.
• After the root (or after the root plus ad) the verb must have one of the following suffixes:

  i	infinitive
  as	present
  is	past
  os	future
  us	conditional
  u	subjuntive

The Task

• Visualize the verbal system graphically, and plan out an analysis with the goal of seeing lexical strings like the following:

  don+Verb+Cont+Past donadis

• Use (by convention) the tags +Verb, +Past, +Pres, +Fut, +Subj, +Inf, +Cond (defined at the top of the \lexc file in Multichar_Symbols). Use the +Cont tag for the ad suffix.
• Test by looking up the following examples:

  donis	donos	donadus
  fali	falu	faladi
  pensas	pensadas

• Add the following new verb roots to the lexicon.

  ir	("to go")
  ven	("to come")
  vetur	("to travel")
  parol	("to speak")
  far	("to do")
  raz	("to shave")

• Add the following new noun roots to the lexicon. Nouns which do not refer to male/female animals should not allow the in suffix; create appropriate new continuation classes as necessary.

  dom	("house")
  mond	("world")
  infan	("child")
  tag	("day")
  jar	("year")
  odor	("odor/smell")
  urb	("city")
  urs	("bear")

• Add the following adjective roots.

  verd	("green")
  plat	("flat")
  san	("healthy")

• Save your noun-adjective-verb description in esperanto3.lexc, compile it with lexc, and test it as thoroughly as you can.